Levomycetin Reneval alcohol solution for external use 3% vial, 25ml

Composition

>of 100 ml of the solution contains: Active ingredient: Chloramphenicol -1 g; 3 g. Auxiliary substance: ethanol (ethyl alcohol) – up to 100 ml,70%

Pharmacological action

A broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic that disrupts the process of protein synthesis in a microbial cell (having fat solubility, it penetrates the bacterial cell membrane and reversibly binds to the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, in which the movement of amino acids to growing peptide chains is delayed, which leads to a violation of protein synthesis). It is effective against bacterial strains resistant to penicillin, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides. Active against Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, some Enterobacter and Neisseria species, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus haemolyticus), Moraxella lacunata, rickettsia and mycoplasma. It is not effective against acid-resistant bacteria, anaerobes, Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens. Pharmacokineticsinstillation of the drug into the conjunctival sac, therapeutic concentrations are created in the watery moisture of the eye, cornea, iris, vitreous; it does not penetrate the lens. Partially enters the systemic circulation. It is mainly excreted by the kidneys in the form of inactive metabolites, partially by the intestines.

Indications

Bacterial skin infections caused by sensitive microorganisms, including infected burns (superficial and limited deep), bedsores, trophic ulcers, wounds, boils.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

The use of the drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.

Contraindications

Increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug; inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis; acute intermittent porphyria; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency; hepatic and / or renal failure; pregnancy, lactation; neonatal period (up to 4 weeks). With caution Skin diseases (psoriasis, eczema, fungal lesions); early childhood; patients who have previously received treatment with cytostatic drugs or radiation therapy.

Side effects

Local allergic reactions. With prolonged use: reticulocytopenia, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, erythrocytopenia; rarely-aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis; secondary fungal infection.

Interaction

Concomitant use with medications that inhibit hematopoiesis (sulfonamides, cytostatics), affect liver metabolism, or radiation therapy increases the risk of side effects. When used concomitantly with erythromycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, there is a mutual weakening of the action due to the fact that chloramphenicol can displace these drugs from the bound state or prevent their binding to the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes. When administered with oral hypoglycemic drugs, their effect is enhanced by suppressing metabolism in the liver and increasing their concentration in plasma. Chloramphenicol suppresses the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, therefore, when used simultaneously with phenobarbital, phenytoin, and indirect anticoagulants, there is a weakening of the metabolism of these drugs, slowing down their excretion and increasing their concentration in plasma. Reduces the antibacterial effect of penicillins and cephalosporins.

How to take, course of use and dosage

Externally. Damaged areas are treated with a cotton swab soaked in the solution several times a day.

Overdose

With prolonged use, as well as with the use of high doses of the drug, patients may develop irritation of the skin and mucous membranes, as well as local allergic reactions, including skin rash, itching and urticaria. In isolated cases, the development of edema and hyperemia at the site of high doses of the drug was noted. If symptoms of overdose develop, the dose of the drug should be reduced, if the patient does not improve after reducing the dose, the drug is discontinued.

Special instructions

There is some information about the development of bone marrow hypoplasia after the use of ophthalmic forms (during treatment, systematic monitoring of the peripheral blood picture is necessary). After opening, use within 14 days.

Storage conditions

The drug is recommended to be stored in a dry place away from direct sunlight at a temperature of 8 to 15 degrees Celsius.

Shelf

life is 2 years.

Active ingredient

Chloramphenicol